Conjunctions  1 (Bağlaçlar) Hakkında Bilgi

Conjunctions (Bağlaçlar) ve Örnekler

1 –  İngilizce Dersleri ( Bireysel – Özel  İngilizce Dersleri  )
2 –  İngilizce Dersleri ( 4 kişi ile yapılan grup İngilizce Dersleri  )

Conjuctions : and / and … too / and … either / both of / both … and / but / either … or / neither … nor / not only … but also / nor / or

Many kins of words (prepositions, relative pronouns, relative adverbs) serve to join phrases, parts of sentences, etc, but the words called conjunctions are mostly used in joining phrases. Some one-word conjuctions are called coordinating conjunctions, some two-word conjunctions are called correlative conjunctions. In addition there are some other words used in forming nouns, adjectives and adverbial clauses. They are called subordinating conjunctions.

and connects the simiral elements or two basic sentences.

a. Ekim and Serdal are brothers (two subjects)
b. He bought a pen and a pencil (two objects)
c. We danced and sang at his birthday party. (two verbs and their complements)
d. The teacher gave a test paper to each student and the students answered them.
(two basic sentences)
e. We picked flowers in the garden and in the country yesterday.
(two prepositional phrases)

NOTICE: If the subjects in a compound sentence are not the same people (d.), a comma is used before and. Note that if the subjects joined with and are singular, the verb becomes plural.

Exercise 1. Combine these sentences, using and.

1 You are my friend. Raziye is my friend, too.
You and Raziye are my friends.

2 She is a teacher. I am a teacher too.
3 Ekim works hard. Serdal works hard.
4 Huri has got al lot of work. Nurten has gor a lot of work.
5 Ayşe was here. Fatma was here.
6 Özcan help us. Osman helped us.
7 There are cows on the farm. There are sheep on the farm.
8 I am going to write a letter to Kemal. I am going to write a letter to Özgür.
9 I am reading. I am taking some notes.
10 She showed his composition to me. He showed his composition to the teacher.
11 He will sell his house. He will sell his farm.
12 She took an exam. She passed her exam.
13 A florist buys flowers. He sells flowers.
14 She bought detergent. She washed the dirty clothes.
15 School starts at nine. It ends at six p.m
16 He went to America. He studied there.
17 I sent a telegram to Murat. I sent a telegram to Aytekin.
18 Gambling in sports clubs is forbidden. Gambling in coffee houses is forbidden.
19 Cars are made in Istanbul. Cars are made in Bursa.
20 A baby is fed on milk. A baby is fed on baby food.

Conjunctions 1 (Bağlaçlar)


both … and joins two elements of a sentence.

Both the students and the teacher entered the classroom (1)
subject subject

= The students and the teacher entered the classroom.

The students and the teacher both entered the classroom. (2)
subject subject
The students and the teacher are both in the classroom. (3)
verb

The student and the teacher must both go out now. (4)
verb

We both walked and talked. (5)
verb verb

He sold both the radio and the television (6)
object object

When both is used with and, it can be said before the first noun (1) or after the second one (2). If the verb is to be, both is used after it. (3) If there is a helping verb in the verb phrase, both is used after the helping verb. (4) When both ……… and are used to join two objects(6), both is said before the first one.

Exercise 2. Put the following words in the correct order to make sentences.

1 both / Nurten / reading / like / Erden / and.
2 is / and / he / sitting / both / reading.
3 she / both / good / is / and / hard-working.
4 went to school / both / he / and / worked to earn money.
5 Ekim / both / Serdal / studied / and / English.
6 you can do both / and / your homework / help / your mother.
7 they are / singing / both / and / dancing.
8 both / he sold / and / his car / his house.
9 They / live / both / in the same room / and / sleep / in it.
10 we / will / a job / both / try to find / and / travel.

Conjunctions 1 (Bağlaçlar)


Exercise 3. Insert both in the following sentences.

1 They made carpets and sold them for a living.
They both made carpets and sold them for a living.
2 You must earn money and save some.
3 He and you are wrong.
4 They were born and lived in this country.
5 She likes Turkish music and pop music.
6 A bak may give credit and take money.
7 My elder brothers, Kemal and Mehmet Ali, are farmers.
8 My sister and brother live int he village.
9 I hope you will have a house and a car in the future.
10 He speaks English amd Turkish well.

Not only ……. but also

Look at the examples.

He plays the piano. He plays the violin.
He plays not only the piano but also the violin.
= He plays the piano and the violin.

We sang at the party. We danced at the party.
We not only sang but also danced at the party.
= We sang and danced at the party.

As seen above, the complements and verbs whose subjects are the same can be joined with not only … but also. In that case the elements which are the same are not repeated.

Exercise 4. Complete the following sentences, using not only ….. but also.

1 She likes …………………. reading …………………….. writing.
2 A mother ………………. cooks ………………. looks after her children.
3 I …………………. read ………………… took notes.
4 A farmer grows ………………. barley …………………. wheat.
5 A nation …………………….. exports ……………. imports goods.

Exercise 5. Combine these sentences, using not only …. but also.

1 He is an doctor. He is a musician.
He is not only a doctor but also a musician.
2 He is writing. He is listening to the radio.
3 She made tea for us. She made a cake for us.
4 They help the poor. They help the sick.
5 I missed my brothers. I missed my sisters.
6 A teacher teaches something to his students. A teacher sets a good example to his students.
7 A doctor examines a patient. A doctor writes a prescription for a patient.
8 We played in the country. We picked flowers in the country.
9 They have got a house. They have got a shop.
10 Atatürk founded the Turkish Republic. Atatürk made some radical changes.
And ……. too joins two affirmative sentences.


Conjunctions 1 (Bağlaçlar)


Look at the examples.

Erdal is ateacher of English. Erol is a teacher of English.
Erdal is a teacher of English and Erol is too.
= Erdal and Erol are teachers of English.

Metin plays football well, Çetin plays football well.
Metin plays football well and Çetin does too.

Americans speak English. English people speak English.
Americans speak English and English people do too.

I have watched this film before. Gülsüm has watched this film before.
I have watched this film before and Gülsüm has too.

As seen above, two affirmative sentences which express the same idea can be joined with and ….. too. In that case, note the verb in the second sentence has been omitted.

Exercise 6. Complete these sentences, using and …… too and suitable helping verbs.

1 The windows are open and the door is too.
2 Ayla is a good student, ……………… Tunga …………………
3 The boys are playing ……………….. the girls ………………
4 İdil has gor a dictionary ……………… Filiz ………………….
5 You can do it …………………. I …………………..
6 Men must work ……………… women ………………
7 Susan will leave today ………………. Özden ………………….
8 Melek may sing …………… Dilek ………………
9 They have got a house ……………….. we ………………
10 Osman shouls stay at home ………………. Mehmet ………………..
11 A teacher goes to school,…………. a student ………………..
12 Cows eat grass, …………………sheep………………..
13 I like honey,……………….. my children ……………………
14 Cars run on a road,…………………buses………………
15 Men works for a living,…………………women………………
16 Tom studied Turkish,………………Jack………………
17 Mary passed the course,………………. Anna ………………
18 John went to school,………………….Joe……………….
19 She drank tea,…………………I………………
20 Mustafa took an exam yesterday,………………..Yılmaz…………..

Conjunctions 1 (Bağlaçlar)

Exercise 7. Combine these sentences, using and…..too

1 The books are in the bag. The pencils are in the bag.
The books are in the bag and the pencils are too.
2 Özgür has got a red pencil. Hasan has got a red pencil.
3 The girls are swimming. The boys are swimming.
4 He was at home, i was at home.
5 We were playing. They were palying.
6 Mr Brown goes to bed early. Mrs Brown goes to bed early.
7 Helen bought a new dress. Miss Pope bought a new dress.
8 The Browns live in England. The Millers live in England.
9 Fred answered all the questions. Frank answered all the questions.
10 The students have gone out . The teacher has gone out.

Conjunctions 1 (Bağlaçlar)